DeCS

Descriptor English:

Phenytoin

Descriptor Spanish:

Fenitoína

Spanish from Spain

Descriptor	fenitoína
Entry term(s)	Difenin Phenhydan difenilhidantoína fenitoína sódica
Scope note:	Anticonvulsivante que se utiliza en una amplia variedad de convulsiones. Es también antiarrítmico y relajante muscular. Su mecanismo de acción terapéutica no está claro, aunque se han descrito diversas acciones celulares, incluyendo efectos sobre los canales iónicos, el transporte activo y la estabilización general de la membrana. El mecanismo de su efecto relajante muscular parece que está relacionado con la reducción de la sensibilidad de los husos musculares al estiramiento. Se ha propuesto el uso de la fenitoína para otros fines terapéuticos, aunque tiene un uso limitado por sus muchos efectos adversos e interacciones con otros fármacos.

Descriptor Portuguese:

Fenitoína

Descriptor French:

Phénytoïne

Entry term(s):

Phénytoïne de sodium
Phénytoïne sodique

Tree number(s):

D03.383.129.308.432.555.730

RDF Unique Identifier:

https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D010672

Scope note:

An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.

Allowable Qualifiers:

AA analogues et dérivés
AD administration et posologie
AE effets indésirables
AG agonistes
AI antagonistes et inhibiteurs
AN analyse
BL sang
CF liquide cérébrospinal
CH composition chimique
CL classification
CS synthèse chimique
EC économie
HI histoire
IM immunologie
IP isolement et purification
ME métabolisme
PD pharmacologie
PK pharmacocinétique
PO intoxication
RE effets des radiations
SD ressources et distribution
ST normes
TO toxicité
TU usage thérapeutique
UR urine

Pharm Action:

Anticonvulsants
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inducers

Registry Number:

6158TKW0C5

CAS Type 1 Name:

2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 5,5-diphenyl-

DeCS ID:

10867

Unique ID:

D010672

NLM Classification:

QV 85