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Descriptor English: Insulin
Descriptor Spanish: Insulina
Descriptor insulina
Scope note: Hormona pancreática de 51 aminoácidos que desempeña un papel fundamental en la regulación del metabolismo de la glucosa, directamente mediante la supresión de la producción de glucosa endógena (GLICOGENÓLISIS, GLUCONEOGÉNESIS) e indirectamente inhibiendo la secreción de GLUCAGÓN y la LIPÓLISIS. La insulina original es una proteína globular compuesta por un hexámero coordinado con el zinc. Cada monómero de insulina contiene dos cadenas, A (21 residuos) y B (30 residuos), unidas por dos enlaces disulfuro. La insulina se usa como fármaco para tratar la diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS DE TIPO 1).
Descriptor Portuguese: Insulina
Descriptor French: Insuline
Entry term(s): Chain, Insulin B
Iletin
Insulin A Chain
Insulin B Chain
Insulin, Regular
Insulin, Sodium
Insulin, Soluble
Novolin
Regular Insulin
Sodium Insulin
Soluble Insulin
Tree number(s): D06.472.699.587.200.500.625
D12.644.548.586.200.500.625
RDF Unique Identifier: https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D007328
Scope note: A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).
Annotation: /blood: consider also HYPERINSULINEMIA (excessively high blood insulin levels) but do not confuse with HYPERINSULINISM (excessive secretion of insulin by pancreas); /immunology: consider also INSULIN ANTIBODIES; precursor = PROINSULIN; INSULIN INFUSION SYSTEMS is available
Allowable Qualifiers: AA analogs & derivatives
AD administration & dosage
AE adverse effects
AG agonists
AN analysis
BI biosynthesis
BL blood
CF cerebrospinal fluid
CH chemistry
CL classification
CS chemical synthesis
DF deficiency
EC economics
GE genetics
HI history
IM immunology
IP isolation & purification
ME metabolism
PD pharmacology
PH physiology
PK pharmacokinetics
PO poisoning
RE radiation effects
SD supply & distribution
ST standards
TO toxicity
TU therapeutic use
UR urine
Entry Combination: antagonists & inhibitors:Insulin Antagonists
Pharm Action: Hypoglycemic Agents
Related: Hyperinsulinism MeSH
Nonsuppressible Insulin-Like Activity MeSH
Proinsulin MeSH
Receptor, Insulin MeSH
DeCS ID: 7500
Unique ID: D007328
Documents indexed in the Virtual Health Library (VHL): Click here to access the VHL documents
Date Established: 1966/01/01
Date of Entry: 1999/01/01
Revision Date: 2011/06/24
Insulin - Preferred
Concept UI M0011417
Scope note A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).
Preferred term Insulin
Entry term(s) Insulin, Regular
Insulin, Soluble
Regular Insulin
Soluble Insulin
Insulin A Chain - Narrower
Concept UI M0011418
Preferred term Insulin A Chain
Sodium Insulin - Narrower
Concept UI M0011421
Preferred term Sodium Insulin
Entry term(s) Insulin, Sodium
Novolin - Narrower
Concept UI M0011420
Preferred term Novolin
Iletin - Narrower
Concept UI M0011416
Preferred term Iletin
Insulin B Chain - Narrower
Concept UI M0557300
Preferred term Insulin B Chain
Entry term(s) Chain, Insulin B



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