PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES Chemical Phenomena [G02] Chemical Phenomena Biochemical Phenomena [G02.111] Biochemical Phenomena Peptide Biosynthesis [G02.111.660] Peptide Biosynthesis Protein Biosynthesis [G02.111.660.871] Protein Biosynthesis Frameshifting, Ribosomal [G02.111.660.871.200] Frameshifting, Ribosomal Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational [G02.111.660.871.640] Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational [G02.111.660.871.650] Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational Peptide Chain Termination, Translational [G02.111.660.871.720] Peptide Chain Termination, Translational Protein Modification, Translational [G02.111.660.871.790] Protein Modification, Translational Protein Processing, Post-Translational [G02.111.660.871.790.600] Protein Processing, Post-Translational Transfer RNA Aminoacylation [G02.111.660.871.850] Transfer RNA Aminoacylation PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES Chemical Phenomena [G02] Chemical Phenomena Biochemical Phenomena [G02.111] Biochemical Phenomena Acid-Base Equilibrium [G02.111.007] Acid-Base Equilibrium Acylation [G02.111.012] Acylation Aerobiosis [G02.111.017] Aerobiosis Agglutination [G02.111.026] Agglutination Alkylation [G02.111.035] Alkylation Allosteric Regulation [G02.111.044] Allosteric Regulation Amination [G02.111.053] Amination Anaerobiosis [G02.111.062] Anaerobiosis Autotrophic Processes [G02.111.071] Autotrophic Processes Base Composition [G02.111.080] Base Composition Binding, Competitive [G02.111.084] Binding, Competitive Biocatalysis [G02.111.086] Biocatalysis Biomineralization [G02.111.092] Biomineralization Biosynthetic Pathways [G02.111.098] Biosynthetic Pathways Biotinylation [G02.111.109] Biotinylation Body Composition [G02.111.130] Body Composition Brain Chemistry [G02.111.150] Brain Chemistry Carbohydrate Metabolism [G02.111.158] Carbohydrate Metabolism Citric Acid Cycle [G02.111.165] Citric Acid Cycle Cyclization [G02.111.180] Cyclization Dealkylation [G02.111.188] Dealkylation Deamination [G02.111.192] Deamination Decarboxylation [G02.111.195] Decarboxylation DNA Cleavage [G02.111.210] DNA Cleavage DNA Methylation [G02.111.218] DNA Methylation DNA Repair [G02.111.222] DNA Repair DNA Replication [G02.111.225] DNA Replication Down-Regulation [G02.111.240] Down-Regulation Electron Transport [G02.111.248] Electron Transport Energy Transfer [G02.111.255] Energy Transfer Enzyme Activation [G02.111.263] Enzyme Activation Esterification [G02.111.270] Esterification Halogenation [G02.111.323] Halogenation Heterotrophic Processes [G02.111.375] Heterotrophic Processes Hydrogenation [G02.111.380] Hydrogenation Hydroxylation [G02.111.385] Hydroxylation Kinetics [G02.111.490] Kinetics Lipid Peroxidation [G02.111.515] Lipid Peroxidation Lipogenesis [G02.111.528] Lipogenesis Lipolysis [G02.111.534] Lipolysis Lipoylation [G02.111.540] Lipoylation Melanogenesis [G02.111.545] Melanogenesis Membrane Fluidity [G02.111.550] Membrane Fluidity Molecular Mimicry [G02.111.560] Molecular Mimicry Molecular Structure [G02.111.570] Molecular Structure Nitrogen Cycle [G02.111.587] Nitrogen Cycle Nitrosation [G02.111.595] Nitrosation Nucleic Acid Denaturation [G02.111.603] Nucleic Acid Denaturation Nucleic Acid Hybridization [G02.111.611] Nucleic Acid Hybridization Nucleic Acid Renaturation [G02.111.619] Nucleic Acid Renaturation Osmoregulation [G02.111.635] Osmoregulation Osmosis [G02.111.655] Osmosis Peptide Biosynthesis [G02.111.660] Peptide Biosynthesis Phosphorylation [G02.111.665] Phosphorylation Phototrophic Processes [G02.111.669] Phototrophic Processes Prenylation [G02.111.672] Prenylation Protein Aggregation, Pathological [G02.111.675] Protein Aggregation, Pathological Protein Binding [G02.111.679] Protein Binding Protein Folding [G02.111.688] Protein Folding Protein Modification, Translational [G02.111.691] Protein Modification, Translational Protein Processing, Post-Translational [G02.111.691.600] Protein Processing, Post-Translational Protein Multimerization [G02.111.694] Protein Multimerization Protein Stability [G02.111.700] Protein Stability Proteolysis [G02.111.720] Proteolysis Proteostasis [G02.111.730] Proteostasis RNA Cleavage [G02.111.740] RNA Cleavage RNA Folding [G02.111.750] RNA Folding RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional [G02.111.760] RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional RNA Replication [G02.111.770] RNA Replication RNA Stability [G02.111.780] RNA Stability Sequence Homology [G02.111.810] Sequence Homology Signal Transduction [G02.111.820] Signal Transduction Structure-Activity Relationship [G02.111.830] Structure-Activity Relationship Substrate Cycling [G02.111.833] Substrate Cycling Substrate Specificity [G02.111.835] Substrate Specificity Transcription, Genetic [G02.111.873] Transcription, Genetic Up-Regulation [G02.111.905] Up-Regulation PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES Metabolism [G03] Metabolism Peptide Biosynthesis [G03.734] Peptide Biosynthesis Protein Biosynthesis [G03.734.871] Protein Biosynthesis Frameshifting, Ribosomal [G03.734.871.200] Frameshifting, Ribosomal Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational [G03.734.871.640] Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational [G03.734.871.650] Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational Peptide Chain Termination, Translational [G03.734.871.720] Peptide Chain Termination, Translational Protein Modification, Translational [G03.734.871.790] Protein Modification, Translational Protein Processing, Post-Translational [G03.734.871.790.600] Protein Processing, Post-Translational Transfer RNA Aminoacylation [G03.734.871.850] Transfer RNA Aminoacylation PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES Genetic Phenomena [G05] Genetic Phenomena Gene Expression Regulation [G05.308] Gene Expression Regulation Catabolite Repression [G05.308.048] Catabolite Repression Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly [G05.308.095] Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly Down-Regulation [G05.308.200] Down-Regulation Ectopic Gene Expression [G05.308.202] Ectopic Gene Expression Epigenesis, Genetic [G05.308.203] Epigenesis, Genetic Epistasis, Genetic [G05.308.207] Epistasis, Genetic Frameshifting, Ribosomal [G05.308.215] Frameshifting, Ribosomal Gene Amplification [G05.308.250] Gene Amplification Gene Expression Regulation, Archaeal [G05.308.290] Gene Expression Regulation, Archaeal Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial [G05.308.300] Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental [G05.308.310] Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic [G05.308.320] Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal [G05.308.330] Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic [G05.308.370] Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic Gene Expression Regulation, Plant [G05.308.375] Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Gene Expression Regulation, Viral [G05.308.385] Gene Expression Regulation, Viral Protein Modification, Translational [G05.308.670] Protein Modification, Translational Protein Processing, Post-Translational [G05.308.670.600] Protein Processing, Post-Translational RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional [G05.308.700] RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional Transcriptional Activation [G05.308.800] Transcriptional Activation Up-Regulation [G05.308.850] Up-Regulation

Protein Modification, Translational - Preferred

Concept UI	M0453363
Scope note	Any of the enzymatically catalyzed modifications of the individual AMINO ACIDS of PROTEINS, and enzymatic cleavage or crosslinking of peptide chains that occur pre-translationally (on the amino acid component of AMINO ACYL TRNA), co-translationally (during the process of GENETIC TRANSLATION), or after translation is completed (POST-TRANSLATIONAL PROTEIN PROCESSING).
Preferred term	Protein Modification, Translational
Entry term(s)	Amino Acid Modification, Translational Protein Modifications, Translational Protein Processing, Translational Translational Amino Acid Modification Translational Protein Modification Translational Protein Modifications Translational Protein Processing

Pre-Translational Amino Acid Modification - Narrower

Concept UI	M0453415
Scope note	The enzymatically catalyzed modifications of the amino acid component of an AMINO ACYL TRNA. This includes modifications such as the conversion of the seryl-tRNA to selenocysteinyl-tRNA which is eventually used during GENETIC TRANSLATION in the biosynthesis of selenoproteins.
Preferred term	Pre-Translational Amino Acid Modification
Entry term(s)	Amino Acid Modification, Pre Translational Amino Acid Modification, Pre-Translational Amino Acid Modification, Pretranslational Pre Translational Amino Acid Modification Pretranslational Amino Acid Modification

Amino Acid Modification, Co-Translational - Narrower

Concept UI	M0453438
Preferred term	Amino Acid Modification, Co-Translational
Entry term(s)	Amino Acid Modification, Co Translational Co Translational Amino Acid Modification Co Translational Protein Processing Co-Translational Amino Acid Modification Co-Translational Protein Modification Co-Translational Protein Modifications Co-Translational Protein Processing Cotranslational Protein Modification Cotranslational Protein Modifications Cotranslational Protein Processing Modification, Co-Translational Protein Modifications, Co-Translational Protein Processing, Co-Translational Protein Protein Modification, Co Translational Protein Modification, Co-Translational Protein Modification, Cotranslational Protein Modifications, Co-Translational Protein Modifications, Cotranslational Protein Processing, Co Translational Protein Processing, Co-Translational Protein Processing, Cotranslational